Parent Implemented Intervention
What is Parent Implemented Intervention?
Parent-Implemented Intervention (PII) is a strategy where parents actively use specific techniques to support their child’s development and also address challenging behaviours. This approach helps parents learn and apply tailored strategies within their home or daily routines to improve various skills and reduce problematic behaviours. Parents receive training through structured sessions, which guide them in effectively using these techniques in their everyday interactions with their child (Steinbrenner et al., 2020).
Parent Implemented Intervention (Gevarter et al., 2021)
Step 1 Initiation: Establish initial use of the iPad and communication patterns.
iPad Placement: Position the iPad about 2 feet away from the child.
Communication Opportunities: Create 10 chances for requesting items, 2 for saying "no," 2 for asking for help, and 2 for commenting during daily routines.
Responding to Communication: Provide the requested item if the child uses gestures, signs, sounds, or the AAC app correctly.
Step 2 Teach: Improve the child’s ability to use the AAC app independently.
iPad Proximity: Move the iPad closer to the child.
On-going Communication Opportunities: Maintain 10 chances for requests, 2 for saying "no," 2 for asking for help, and 2 for commenting.
Techniques to Apply:
Time Delay: Wait 5 seconds after presenting a communication opportunity to encourage AAC app use.
Prompting: Use a least-to-most prompting strategy, starting with minimal hints and increasing assistance as needed.
Reinforcement: Reward correct use of the AAC app; if incorrect, guide the child to the correct item.
Step 3 Generalisation: Ensure the child can apply skills in various contexts.
Introducing New Items: Introduce new items or displays on the iPad.
Practice with Different Displays: Provide 10 chances to request new items or use different parts of the display.
Step 4 Labeling Practice: Improve the child’s ability to identify and name items using the AAC app.
Picture Identification: Show pictures of favourite items and ask the child to name them using the AAC app.
Reinforcement: Praise the child when they correctly name an item using the app.
References
Gevarter, C., Groll, M., Stone, E., & Medina Najar, A. (2021). A parent-implemented embedded AAC intervention for teaching navigational requests and other communicative functions to children with autism spectrum disorder. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 37(3), 180-193.
Steinbrenner, J. R., Hume, K., Odom, S. L., Morin, K. L., Nowell, S. W., Tomaszewski, B., Szendrey, S., McIntyre, N. S., YücesoyÖzkan, S., & Savage, M. N. (2020). Evidence-Based Practices for Children, Youth, and Young Adults with Autism. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, National Clearinghouse on Autism Evidence and Practice Review Team